<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<metadata>
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
        <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
        <title>US Topo 7.5-minute map for Seneca, MD,VA</title>
        <geoform>map, raster digital data</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Rolla, MO and Denver, CO</pubplace>
          <publish>USGS - National Geospatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC)</publish>
        </pubinfo>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>US Topo map converted from GeoPDF/Geospatial PDF to GeoTIFF. Geospatial data included in each map varies, but may include orthoimagery, roads, grids, geographic names, elevation contours, hydrography, and other selected map features. US Topo GeoPDF maps were designed specifically for the capability to turn individual layers on and off. GeoTIFFs do not provide for that capability and thus, certain layers will not be available on the GeoTIFFs that are available in the PDFs. The selection of layers to show on the GeoTIFFs was based solely on cartographic design, and so it is recommended that the PDF be downloaded if there is interest in the full set of layers. For each PDF published since October 2013, two GeoTIFFs are available. PDF maps published prior to that date are not available in GeoTIFF. Both GeoTIFFs exclude shaded relief, woodland, and several Federal Administrative Land boundary layers (National Cemetery, Department of Defense, Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife and Native Lands) specifically for reasons of clarity based upon the cartographic design. One of the GeoTIFFs has the orthoimage layer turned off, and the other has the orthoimage turned on. In the latter case, contours and wetlands layers also are turned off, again for cartographic clarity. Data layers not included in the GeoTIFFs can be added to the map depiction in a GIS by downloading the associated file from The National Map (TNM), or by linking to a map service. For example, the woodland polygon data layer is available for download. This data was derived and generalized from the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) which is also available as a map service from TNM provide a woodland representation.</abstract>
      <purpose>This map depicts geographic features on the surface of the earth. It is a general purpose map for users who are not GIS experts. One
        intended purpose is to support emergency response at all levels of government.</purpose>
      <supplinf>GNIS Cell ID = 40567</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>18991230</begdate>
          <enddate>20191031</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>publication date</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>Irregular</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-77.25</westbc>
        <eastbc>-77.375</eastbc>
        <northbc>39.125</northbc>
        <southbc>39.0</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>imageryBaseMapsEarthCover</themekey>
        <themekey>EarthCover</themekey>
        <themekey>Imagery and Base Maps</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>topographic</themekey>
        <themekey>transportation</themekey>
        <themekey>structures</themekey>
        <themekey>geographic names</themekey>
        <themekey>hydrography</themekey>
        <themekey>boundary</themekey>
        <themekey>Public Land Survey System</themekey>
        <themekey>woodland</themekey>
        <themekey>orthoimage</themekey>
        <themekey>contour</themekey>
        <themekey>U.S. National Grid</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>The National Map Product Format Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>Geospatial PDF</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System</placekt>
        <placekey>US</placekey>
        <placekey>Maryland</placekey>
        <placekey>Montgomery County</placekey>
        <placekey>Fairfax County</placekey>
        <placekey>Loudoun County</placekey>
      </place>
      <place>
        <placekt>None</placekt>
        <placekey>Seneca, MD,VA</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>None</accconst>
    <useconst>This product may be freely copied, redistributed, and printed. Most content is derived from public domain data with no reuse
      constraints. The primary exceptions are the orthoimage layers for maps in Alaska and Hawaii, which are copyrighted and have some reuse
      restrictions; see the relevant data source sections (srcinfo tag) in this file. US Topo maps with dates 2010-2015 may contain commercial road
      data that is also copyrighted with use restrictions; see the credit note and metadata file for individual products. Even maps that contain
      copyrighted data may be freely used and redistributed, provided the appropriate copyright notices are retained; normal fair-use principles
      apply. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and some data may no longer represent
      actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of their limitations.
      Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey is appreciated for products derived from these data.</useconst>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>Cartographic content is derived from USGS national geospatial databases. Most the data are owned and hosted by the USGS, but this does
        not preclude using data sources owned or hosted by other organizations, provided that these sources have been approved by the USGS data
        program.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Two GeoTIFF maps converted from each US Topo layered PDF map published since October 2013.</logic>
    <complete>Feature content is extracted from the USGS national geospatial databases. These data are intended to be cartographically complete at the scales that the map is produced, 1:24,000 scale in the conterminous 48 states and Hawaii, 1:25,000 scale in Alaska, and 1:20,000 scale in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>US Topo map products in GeoPDF are compiled to meet National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). NMAS horizontal accuracy requires that at least 90 percent of well-defined points tested are within 0.02 inch of the true position. In this product, the projection line, grids, and orthoimage are believed to meet NMAS. Positional accuracy of the other data layers is less controllable because of diversity of data sources, and may not meet NMAS. The digital GeoTIFF version of the map was created with a methodology that preserves, but does not exceed, the accuracy of the original GeoPDF/Geospatial PDF map.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>Vertical accuracy report: US Topo contours are derived from the USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) 1/3 arc-second DEM data. Accuracy
          of 3DEP is inherited from various sources. These data sources vary in vertical accuracy depending on time of collection, collection method,
          control accuracy and density, and local terrain relief. The overall absolute vertical accuracy of the 1/3 arcsecond DEM data, as tested
          against GPS control, is about 3 meters at 95% confidence level (National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy). US Topo contours are derived
          from the DEMs to generally meet National Map Accuracy Standards (90% of well-defined points in reasonably level terrain test within one-half
          contour interval of the true ground elevation); however, actual vertical accuracies of individual US Topo quadrangles may not meet that
          standard. Quadrangles containing collar notes stating contours "May not meet National Map Accuracy Standards" are in areas where the source
          is known to be questionable for meeting NMAS for the stated contour interval.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center - National Elevation Dataset is a component of
							a comprehensive base geospatial data model.</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Hypsography</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>This contour featureclass was generated from the 1/3 arc-second version of the 3D Elevation Program. The intended
							viewing scale for these features is 1:24,000. The contours are derived from a filtered elevation raster to achieve
							smoother arcs. In some areas, the 3DEP data may be modified by the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) flow lines and water
							bodies to facilitate improved integration between the hypsography and hydrography on USGS map products. These contours
							were generated primarily for use as a layer in GeoPDFs created in the digital mapping program. The raster data source of
							contours is the 3D Elevation Program 1/3 arc-second layer. Secondary datasets include the high resolution flow lines,
							water bodies, and areas from the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). The NHD layers are used in hydro-enforcement of the
							DEM prior to contour generation. The goals of the hydro-enforcement are to prevent contour lines from extending over the
							surface of water bodies and to align the contour reentrants with the NHD single- line streams. The 3DEP raster cells are
							converted to points. Those points, along with the NHD flow lines are input into an interpolation tool to create a new
							surface. The NHD water bodies and areas are preprocessed to attach the minimum and maximum elevation to each polygon. From
							these precalculated values, an appropriate value is calculated by which to raise the elevation cells under the NHD
							polygons. The NHD polygons are then converted into rasters, which in turn will be used to generate a mosaic that includes
							the new raster surface. The mosaic is filtered to provide smoother contour lines. Contours are generated and depression
							and index contours are identified. There is no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of the data. Users should be
							aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and generated and that some parts of these
							data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Hydro-enforcement and generalization can also significantly alter
							the spatial characteristics of the contours. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full
							awareness of its limitations.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://Hs.gov/</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20080201</begdate>
              <enddate>20130201</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Hypsography</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Contours</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Land Cover - Woodland</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Woodland Tint is a derivative land cover product created using several national map layers: three National Land
							Cover Database (NLCD) 2011 raster layers (Tree Canopy, Imperviousness, and Land Cover); and two vector layers (National
							Hydrography Dataset and Transportation). The process begins with masking the NLCD 2011 Tree Canopy Data cartographic with
							NLCD 2011 Imperviousness (values from 1-100), and NLCD 2011 Land Cover (value 11 = Open Water). The resulting raster data
							with canopy values of 20 and greater are converted to woodland vector polygons and smoothed via the Paek Algorithm. The
							woodland polygons are masked with buffered Transportation (Roads, Airport Runways, and Railroads) and Hydrography (NHD
							Areas excluding Inundation Area and NHD Waterbodies excluding Swamp/Marsh). The resulting polygons are checked for scale
							appropriate size (minimum size of one acre), and the small woodland polygons as well as small clearings within the
							woodland polygons are deleted. For Hawaii and Puerto Rico, two National Land Cover Database (NLCD) raster layers (Tree
							Canopy 2011 and Imperviousness 2001): and two vector layers(National Hydrography Dataset and Transportation) are used. The
							resulting raster data is carried out as before to produce the polygon vector data. For Alaska, the Woodland Tint is a
							derivative land cover product created using five national map layers: one raster layer, National Land Cover Database
							(NLCD) 2011 (Land Cover); and four vector layers (National Hydrography Dataset, Transportation Roads, Transportation
							Airports and Transportation Railroads). The process begins with combining three NLCD 2011 Land Cover V1 Classes (41 -
							Deciduous Forest, 42 - Evergreen Forest, and 43 - Mixed Forest). The resulting raster data was converted to woodland
							vector polygons, and smoothed via the Paek Algorithm. The woodland polygons are masked with buffered Transportation
							(Roads, Airport Runways, and Railroads) and Hydrography (NHD Areas excluding Inundation Areas and NHD Waterbodies
							excluding Swamp/Marsh). The resulting polygons are checked for scale appropriate size (minimum size of one acre), and the
							small woodland polygons as well as small clearings within the woodland polygons are deleted.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://nationalmap.gov</onlink>
            <onlink>https://www.mrlc.gov/nlcd2011.php</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20010101</begdate>
              <enddate>20110101</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Land Cover - Woodland</srccitea>
        <srccontr>National Landcover Dataset; National Hydrography Dataset; National Transportation Dataset</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USDA Forest Service, and other
							Federal, State and local partners. National Hydrography Dataset is a component of a comprehensive base geospatial data
							model.</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Hydrography</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the
							stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. The high-resolution NHD was originally
							created using 1:24,000-scale data. State and Local Stewards are improving the data by incorporating local updates based on
							more current and more accurate source data. Water features in the real world are relatively dynamic and the differences at
							the time of data collection mean that water features may not register exactly to other layers. The hydrographic feature
							names contained in and displayed by the NHD are extracted and validated from the Geographic Names Information System
							(GNIS). Spatial objects may be filtered or generalized to achieve a 1:24,000-scale representation.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://nhd.usgs.gov/</onlink>
            <onlink>http://nhd.usgs.gov/gnis.html</onlink>
            <onlink>http://nhdgeo.usgs.gov/metadata/nhd_high.htm</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>18991230</begdate>
              <enddate>20191031</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Hydrography</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Hydrography features and feature names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Various government agencies and volunteer organizations</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Recreational Trails</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The first recreational trails were added to US Topo maps in 2013. The data for trails come from a variety of
							sources. Accuracy and currency is the responsibility of the data owner; USGS evaluates the authoritativeness of the source
							but does not independently verify data accuracy. Trails are not complete, and will not be complete for the foreseeable
							future. Trails will be added as data become available from land management agencies and other authoritative sources. All
							recreational trails information presented on US Topo maps is public domain, though the original source data is not
							necessarily public domain. This metadata section documents all data sources for all maps, not this specific map. Trails
							listed here are not guaranteed to be present on all relevant maps, due to schedule differences between data delivery and
							US Topo production schedules. Feature-level metadata is not provided in the US Topo product; there is no link between a
							line on the map and the source of that specific trail. Notes on data sources follow --------- For the 11 National Scenic
							Trails (NST): Ice Age National Scenic Trail: data provided by the volunteer organization Ice Age Trail Alliance,
							http://www.iceagetrail.org, in cooperation with National Park Service and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. -
							Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail: unpublished data provided by US Forest Service - Appalachian National Scenic Trail:
							data published by the Appalachian Trial Conservancy, http://appalachiantrail.org/about-the-trail/mapping-gis-data, in
							cooperation with National Park Service - North Country National Scenic Trail: unpublished dataset provided by National
							Park Service - Arizona National Scenic Trail: data from AZGEO Clearinghouse, https://azgeo.az.gov/azgeo/, in cooperation
							with U.S. Forest Service - Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail: unpublished data provided by US Forest Service -
							Natchez Trace National Scenic Trail: unpublished dataset provided by National Park Service --------- For other trail types
							and sources: US Fish and Wildlife Service lands: the USFWS Hiking Trails Inventory is administered by the US Department of
							Transportation Federal Highway Administration, and Pacific Western Technologies, LTD. The purpose of the dataset is to
							create a baseline inventory of all non-motorized trails on US Fish and Wildlife Service Stations. - US Forest Service
							lands: trails within National Forests are from unpublished data provided by USFS. These data are developed from sources of
							differing accuracy. US Topo does not portray access and travel management information indicating which trails are managed
							for or open to specific modes of travel (motorized/non-motorized) or associated seasons of use. USFS trails (other than
							selected NSTs described above) are currently shown on US Topo only in Colorado. - The International Mountain Bicycling
							Association, IMBA, shares their bicycle trails data with USGS as part of an ongoing partnership. IMBA-collected trails are
							generally not shown inside delineated Federal lands (e.g., National Forests) on US Topo maps.</othercit>
            <onlink>https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationaltrailssystem/index.htm</onlink>
            <onlink>http://www.pnts.org</onlink>
            <onlink>http://www.fws.gov/gis/data/national/</onlink>
            <onlink>https://www.imba.com/</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20160404</begdate>
              <enddate>20190701</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Recreational Trails</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Trail centerline</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Transportation, Census Roads</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>Dataset source is Census Bureau MAF/TIGER database extracts in the form of TIGER/Line Shapefiles. The TIGER/Line
							shapefiles and related database files are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S.
							Census Bureau's Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database
							(MTDB). The MTDB represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts, however, each TIGER/Line
							shapefile is designed to stand alone as an independent dataset, or they can be combined to cover the entire nation. The
							U.S. Geological Survey filters Census roads to remove short road segments which are less than 500 feet in length, are not
							named and are classified as local roads. The USGS National Transportation Dataset functional road classification system is
							applied to the Census datasets. The original TIGER/Line Shapefile products are not copyrighted however TIGER/Line and
							Census TIGER are registered trademarks of the U.S. Census Bureau. The horizontal spatial accuracy information present in
							the TIGER/Line shapefiles is provided for the purposes of statistical analysis and census operations only and the data may
							not be suitable for high-precision measurement applications. Full metadata for TIGER/Line shapefiles is available from
							U.S. Census Bureau</othercit>
            <onlink>http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20160111</begdate>
              <enddate>20160111</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Roads - Census</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Road centerlines, route numbers, road classification, street names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Census Bureau</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>State and Equivalent Boundary</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Census Bureau collects boundaries from state and county governments through the Boundary and Annexation Survey, and
              publishes the results as TIGER files. The USGS uses the TIGER data without editing or alteration.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20180928</begdate>
              <enddate>20180928</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>State Boundaries</srccitea>
        <srccontr>State and Equivalent Boundary</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Census Bureau</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>County and Equivalent Boundary</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Census Bureau collects boundaries from state and county governments through the Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS), and
              publishes the results as TIGER files. The USGS uses the TIGER data without editing or alteration for US Topo.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20170601</begdate>
              <enddate>20180501</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>County Boundaries</srccitea>
        <srccontr>County and Equivalent Boundary</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>National Park Service - Land Resources Division</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>National Park Service Boundary</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>This dataset depicts National Park Service unit boundaries for display and general analysis purposes. The USGS converted areas
              of generally 3 acres or less to point features to facilitate cartographic display on the US Topo digital map product. See Source URL for
              link to complete dataset. This data set is complete but subject to continual updates to reflect boundary amendments, legislation, and
              acquisitions, and improved processing techniques. The data is being regularly updated with verified boundaries from NPS Land Resources
              Division. The data is intended for use as a tool for display and general GIS analysis purposes only. It is in no way intended for
              engineering or legal purposes. The data accuracy is checked against best available sources which may be dated. NPS assumes no liability
              for use of this data. Boundaries from the Land Resources Division have separate polygons for each type of unit. For example Denali
              National Park and Denali National Preserve are separate individual polygons.</othercit>
            <onlink>https://irma.nps.gov/App/Portal</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20190331</begdate>
              <enddate>20190331</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>National Park Service Boundary</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Current Administrative Boundaries of the National Park System Units</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Federal land management agencies</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Points of Interest</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>Includes campgrounds, trailheads, visitor centers, picnic areas, Ranger stations and federal land management agency
              headquarters. Point data was provided by various federal agencies, such as NPS, US Forest Service, BLM, US FWS. This data is subject to
              change at any time.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://nationalmap.usgs.gov</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>2016</begdate>
              <enddate>2018</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Structures - various</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Geographic features and feature names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>State and Federal Partners, updates from USGS' The National Map Corps volunteers </origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Schools</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The schools within this dataset are composed of Public elementary and secondary education in the US as defined and tracked by
              the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), Common Core Dataset (CCD). Private schools in this dataset are composed of Private
              elementary and secondary education in the US as defined by the Private School Survey, NCES. The colleges and Universities are composed
              of postsecondary education facilities as defined by the Integrated Post Secondary Education System (IPEDS), NCES. Included are Doctoral
              and Research Universities, Masters Colleges and Universities, Baccalaureate Colleges, Associates Colleges, Theological seminaries,
              Medical schools and other health care professions, schools of engineering and technology, business and management, art, music, design,
              Law schools, Teachers colleges, Tribal colleges and other specialized institutions. Changes to base school data may occur through the
              USGS’ The National Map Corps Volunteer Geographic Information project.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://nationalmap.usgs.gov</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>None</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20080101</begdate>
              <enddate>20081231</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Structures - Schools</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Geographic features and feature names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>For the conterminous 48 states - National Agriculture Image Program (NAIP) administered by the Aerial Photography Field Office
              (APFO) for the United States Department of Agriculture.</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Orthoimagery - CONUS</title>
            <geoform>Raster digital data or Digital Orthorectified Image or NAIP Digital Ortho Photo Image or Raster digital data or Digital
              Orthorectified Image</geoform>
            <othercit>An orthorectified image is a layer in every product and is provided by the USDA-FSA-APFO from the National Agriculture Image
              Program (NAIP) in the conterminous US. This offers the USGS a consistent image product for the conterminous 48 states, normally with a
              one meter resolution in natural color, though resolution varies by collection date, and higher-res source data may be downsampled to 1
              or 1.5 meter resolution for US Topo maps. The NAIP image in this product is public domain with no reuse constraints.</othercit>
            <onlink>https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and-services/aerial-photography/imagery-programs/naip-imagery/</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20150722</begdate>
              <enddate>20160928</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Imagery</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Image</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Cemeteries</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is the Federal and national standard for geographic nomenclature. The U.S.
              Geological Survey developed the GNIS in support of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names as the official repository of domestic geographic
              names data, the official vehicle for geographic names use by all departments of the Federal Government, and the source for applying
              geographic names to Federal electronic and printed products. Cemeteries are one feature from the GNIS data base. Cemetery data are
              currently maintained in part with crowdsourcing methods by the USGS National Map Corps project</othercit>
            <onlink>https://nationalmap.gov/TheNationalMapCorps/</onlink>
            <onlink>http://geonames.usgs.gov/</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>19790928</begdate>
              <enddate>20181130</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Structures - Cemeteries</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Geographic features and feature names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</title>
            <geoform>Vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is the Federal and national standard for geographic nomenclature. The U.S.
              Geological Survey developed the GNIS in support of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names as the official repository of domestic geographic
              names data, the official vehicle for geographic names use by all departments of the Federal Government, and the source for applying
              geographic names to Federal electronic and printed products.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://geonames.usgs.gov/</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>19790912</begdate>
              <enddate>20190603</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Geographic Names</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Geographic feature names</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Wetlands - Emergent and Forest/Shrub</title>
            <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the United States and
              its Territories. While the Fish and Wildlife Service produces a variety of wetland categories, only two (Emergent and Forest/Shrub
              wetlands as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979)) are included on US Topo Maps.The emergent wetlands depicted do not include lakes, rivers,
              open water ponds, deepwater marine and estuarine features or non-vegetated, farmed, intermittent and temporarily flooded wetlands. The
              goal is to provide a visual depiction of the approximate location and extent of Emergent and Forest/Shrub wetlands. Digital wetlands
              data are intended for use with base maps and digital aerial photography at a scale of 1:12,000 or smaller. Due to the scale, the primary
              intended use is for data display on the US Topo Maps. This data display is not intended for analysis. The map products were neither
              designed or intended to represent legal or regulatory products. Questions or comments regarding the interpretation or classification of
              wetlands can be addressed by visiting http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/FAQs.html These data were developed in conjunction with the
              publication Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United
              States. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC. FWS/OBS-79/31. For more information on the wetland
              classification codes visit http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Wetland-Codes.html. Note that coastline delineations were drawn to follow
              the extent of wetland features as described by this project and may not match the coastline shown in other base maps.</othercit>
            <onlink>http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/</onlink>
            <onlink>http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/FAQs.html</onlink>
            <onlink>http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Wetland-Codes.html</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>19800301</begdate>
              <enddate>19940301</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Wetlands - Emergent and Forest/Shrub</srccitea>
        <srccontr>Spatial information</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Shaded Relief</title>
            <geoform>raster digital data</geoform>
            <othercit>The Shaded relief is a derivative elevation product created from the USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) 1/3 arc-second DEM data.
              First there are five separate shaded relief datasets created from the original data. Each shaded relief has different azimuths and
              altitude values as follows: 00 450, 1350 600, 2700 450, 3150 450, 450 450. These five datasets are then combined into one feature class
              using map algebra to compute the raster layers using the following equation shadedrelief1 + shadedrelief2 + shadedrelief3 +
              (shadedrelief4 x 2) + shaded relief5 \ 6. This equation gives double importance to the 3150 azimuth and 450 elevation.</othercit>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20080101</begdate>
              <enddate>20120101</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Shaded Relief</srccitea>
        <srccontr>3D Elevation Program</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>U.S. Geological Survey</origin>
            <pubdate>20191122</pubdate>
            <title>Grids and Coordinate System</title>
            <othercit>Geographic Coordinate, U.S. National Grid, and UTM grid values are displayed along the map projection. For Standards and Specifications on USNG visit https://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/usng/fgdc_std_011_2001_usng.pdf</othercit>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <srcscale>24000</srcscale>
        <typesrc>raster data</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>Publication Date</begdate>
              <enddate>Publication Date</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>publication date</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>Grids and Coordinate Systems</srccitea>
        <srccontr>U.S. National Grid, UTM grid.</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>All geospatial content is taken from national geospatial databases under the stewardship of USGS data programs. The NAIP and SPOT imagery is provided by a seamless tile service that delivers image data at a predetermined resolution and quality. The raster and vector data, including grids and collar information, are processed using ESRI ArcGIS software and exported as a geospatial PDF using ESRI ArcGIS software. Map formatting is performed using a custom application, which includes post-processing to embed the metadata XML document and legend. The final GeoTIFF produced from the PDF is downsampled to 300 PPI, compressed, and zipped with an external metadata file. In addition, the projection of the GeoTIFFs are modified to accommodate a rotation of the maps so that the data frame is square to the page(the central meridian is shifted, modifying the projection from Universal Transverse Mercator to Transverse Mercator). All properties of the original PDF projection are retained. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government</procdesc>
        <procdate>20191122</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Raster</direct>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <planar>
        <mapproj>
          <mapprojn>Transverse Mercator</mapprojn>
          <transmer>
            <sfctrmer>0.9996</sfctrmer>
            <longcm>-77.3125</longcm>
            <latprjo>0.0</latprjo>
            <feast>500000</feast>
            <fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
          </transmer>
        </mapproj>
        <planci>
          <plance>coordinate pair</plance>
          <coordrep>
            <absres>2</absres>
            <ordres>2</ordres>
          </coordrep>
          <plandu>meters</plandu>
        </planci>
      </planar>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>North American Datum of 1983</horizdn>
        <ellips>Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.2572221</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
    <vertdef>
      <altsys>
        <altdatum>North American Vertical Datum of 1988</altdatum>
        <altres>3</altres>
        <altunits>meters</altunits>
        <altenc>Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates</altenc>
      </altsys>
    </vertdef>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <overview>
      <eaover>This is a general-purpose design and layout quadrangle map based on the traditional USGS quadrangle cells. The domain is a standard
        7.5-minute cell. The scale is 1:24,000.</eaover>
      <eadetcit>For general information on US Topo maps, refer to the National Geospatial Program US Topo Product Standard, 2011.</eadetcit>
    </overview>
  </eainfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20191122</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center</cntorg>
          <cntper>Not Provided</cntper>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>1400 Independence Road</address>
          <city>Rolla</city>
          <state>MO</state>
          <postal>65401</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>Box 25046 Denver Federal Center</address>
          <city>Lakewood</city>
          <state>CO</state>
          <postal>80225</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>http://www.usgs.gov/ask/</cntemail>
        <hours>Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM</hours>
        <cntinst>Metadata information can also be obtained through online services using The National Map Viewer, at http://nationalmap.gov or
          EarthExplorer, at http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov or Ask USGS at http://www.usgs.gov/ask.</cntinst>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
